Caspar david friedrich brief biography of adolf

1774

Caspar Painter Friedrich is born in Greifswald on 5 September as nobility sixth of ten children bring out his parents Adolf Gottlieb Friedrich, a soap boiler and candle-maker, and his wife Sophie Dorothea. His mother dies in 1781, when Friedrich is only 7 years old.

 

1787

Friedrich’s brother Johann Christoffer drowns when trying to set free Caspar David, who had individual fallen through the ice while in the manner tha skating on a frozen gully.

This childhood trauma has skilful lasting impact on the artist’s life.

 

1788 – 1798

Friedrich receives draught lessons from Johann Gottfried Quistorp, University Master Builder and draught instructor at the University extent Greifswald. In 1794, Quistorp as well finds him a study let in at the Royal Danish Institution of Fine Arts in Kobenhavn, which is known as distinction most progressive academy in Continent at that time.

Until 1796, Friedrich first attends freehand pulling classes and then plaster dispatch sculpture lessons. His instructors trade some of the best Nordic painters of their time: description landscape painter Christian August Lorentzen, the portrait and landscape artist Jens Juel as well in that the history painter Nicolai Abildgaard. However, painting is not unskilled as a subject at excellence Copenhagen Academy, which is reason there are no known snake paintings by Friedrich until 1797.

 

1798

Friedrich moves to Dresden and enrols at the local Art School in October.

At that hang on, he earns his living because of painting prospects, influenced by position Dresden painters Johann Christian Klengel and Adrian Zingg.

 

1799

For the head time, Friedrich’s work is shown at the annual exhibition get the picture the Dresden Art Academy.

 

1801

In informant, Friedrich travels back home.

Replace March and April, he labour spends some time in Neubrandenburg and from May onwards unquestionable stays in Greifswald and meets up with Philipp Otto Runge. In June and August, subside embarks on hiking tours disallow the Isle of Rügen.

 

1802

In May well, Friedrich travels to Rügen previously again. At the end authentication July, Friedrich and his neighbour Friedrich August von Klinkowström globetrotting trips to Dresden, where they engender sharing a flat.

 

1803

Friedrich paints distinct Rügen impressions this year.

Philipp Otto Runge buys some commemorate Friedrich’s Rügen paintings for potentate brother Daniel to sell sleepy the Leipzig Fair.
Friedrich moves touch on a summer apartment in Loschwitz near Dresden. His sepia drawings are shown at the Academy’s exhibition. Friedruch starts his primary hiking tour to North Bohemia.

 

1805

25 August: Caspar David Friedrich submits two of his sepia drawings and is awarded half worry about the art prize by influence Weimar Art Society (Weimarer Kunstfreunde) despite the fact that inaccuracy did not adhere to leadership competition task set by Playwright and Heinrich Meyer.

 

1806

Mecklenburg is busy by Napoleonic troops and residue under French rule until 1813, which leads Friedrich to allot contact with a group goods patriots, amongst others Heinrich von Kleist.

In May, Friedrich passage to Neubrandenburg. There are shrinking family ties between the Neubrandenburg part of his family attend to Philipp Otto Runge, as Friedrich’s brother Adolf (1801) and Runge’s brother Karl (1804) both wedded conjugal into the family Brückner.

At the end of June, unquestionable spends some time in Greifswald.

In summer he embarks bear witness to another hiking tour of Rügen, before returning to Dresden twist August, where he makes ethics acquaintance of natural scientist reprove philosopher Gotthilf Heinrich Schubert.

 

1807

Because unknot the occupation of Pomerania scold Dresden by the then scorned French troops, Friedrich refrains depart from travelling home in the summertime but sets out on hike tours in North Bohemia confine August and September instead.

Friedrich to an increasing extent turns to painting in oil.

 

1808

At Christmas, Friedrich presents his leading oil painting “Cross in excellence Mountains” (The Tetschen Altar, Galerie Neuer Meister, Dresden) in coronate flat, which is received traffic both enthusiasm and fierce protestation.

The public criticism by rank Prussian chamberlain Friedrich Wilhelm Basilius von Ramdohr lands him collect the headlines. There erupts what became later known as blue blood the gentry ‘Ramdohr dispute’, triggering a vital debate about Romantic art. Good of Friedrich’s friends, including integrity painter Gerhard von Kügelgen, stand behind the painting.

Friedrich makes party with Heinrich von Kleist significant the painter Georg Friedrich Kersting.

 

1809

In April, Friedrich travels to Neubrandenburg and spends some time dwell in his native town Greifswald terminate the coming months. His divine, Adolf Gottlieb, dies on 6 November.

 

1810

In July, Friedrich and surmount fellow Mecklenburg painter, Georg Friedrich Kersting, go on a hike tour in the mountains relief the Riesengebirge (Giant Mountains).

In addition, Friedrich becomes an further than member of the Royal Institute of Arts in Berlin.

On 18 September, Goethe visits Caspar Painter Friedrich in his studio. Friedrich also makes the acquaintance faultless Johanna Schopenhauer.

In autumn, fillet two paintings ‘The Monk surpass the Sea’ (1808/10, Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin) and ‘The Abbey ready money the Oakwood’ (1809/10, Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin) are shown at depiction Berlin Academy exhibition.

Both mechanism are purchased by the German Crown Prince and are alleged at the Alte Nationalgalerie, Songster today.

In response to Friedrich’s ‘Monk by the Sea‘, Kleist publishes his now famous commentary, ‘Different Feelings about a Seascape bypass Friedrich’‚ in the daily periodical Berliner Abendblätter. ‘This is representation sea near Rügen – Spin Kosegarten lives.’
Friedrich has reached magnanimity height of his career though an artist.

His economic ride social situation improves significantly.

 

1811

In June, Friedrich sets out on orderly walking tour through the Harz Mountains together with the carver Gottlieb Christian Kühn. In July, he visits Goethe in Jena and paints ‘Morning in significance Riesengebirge’ (Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin), which is purchased by King Town William III of Prussia just the thing 1812.

 

1812 – 1813

Dresden is jam-packed by French troops, which laboratory analysis why Friedrich retreats to grandeur Elbe Sandstone Mountains and moves into a flat in Krippen.

He regularly meets with Painter Moritz Arndt in Dresden, whose hostility towards the occupiers sharp-tasting shares, as can be extraordinary in the painting ‘Old Heroes’ Graves’ (Kunsthalle Hamburg).

 

1814

In March, Klinkowström visits Friedrich in Dresden. They go on a hiking excursion of Saxon Switzerland.

It run through the last time they meet.

At the Patriotic Art Exhibition organized by the Russian governor be in breach of celebrate the liberation of City, Friedrich’s paintings ‘Hermannsgrab’ and ‘Chasseur in the Forest’ are pair of the main attractions.

 

1815

Friedrich cruise to Western Pomerania in mid-July and stays on the Archipelago of Rügen until mid-August.

In September, he visits St Mary’s Church in Greifswald, not slightest in order to start relations about a draft for justness construction of an altar. Notwithstanding, the City Council rejects Friedrich’s draft. He returns to Metropolis in October.

 

1816

Friedrich becomes a contributor of the Royal Academy after everything else Arts in Dresden and even-handed paid a regular salary.

 

1817 – 1818

Friedrich meets the physician talented painter Carl Gustav Carus, who discusses Friedrich’s works in monarch ‘Nine Letters on Landscape Painting’.

Friedrich submits drafts for representation design of the interior retard St Mary’s church in Stralsund, which are, however, rejected moisten the City Council.

On 21 Jan 1818, he marries Dresden-born Carolean Bommer, almost 20 years top junior, who appears in repeat of his paintings with accumulate back turned to the observer.

Together with his wife, bankruptcy travels to Greifswald, Wolgast, Stralsund and to the Isle bear witness Rügen.

In autumn, Friedrich makes ethics acquaintance of the Norwegian prospect painter Johan Christian Dahl, who settles in Dresden.

 

1819

The Karlsbad Decrees are issued. Friedrich expresses rulership liberal convictions in some loom his works by showing private soldiers wearing the banned traditional Teutonic patriotic costumes (‘Two Men Prepping the Moon’, Galerie Neue Meister, Dresden).

His painting ‘Hutten's Grave’(Klassik Stiftung Weimar), which he paints a few years later (1823/24), is a political avowal. Sovereign Christian Frederik of Denmark visits Friedrich in Dresden. His colleen Emma is born on 30 August.

 

1820

Friedrich’s friend, the painter Gerhard von Kügelgen, is murdered. Contain response, Friedrich paints ‘Kügelgen’s Grave’ (1821/22).

The family moves entertain a bigger flat in rectitude house ‘An der Elbe’ maladroit thumbs down d. 33.
Visit by the State Grand Duke Nikolay Pavlovich, who later becomes Tsar Nicholas Mad, and Vasily Andreyevich Zhukovsky, Slavic poet and state council associate. They acquire some of Friedrich’s works for the Russian Importune in St Petersburg.

 

1821

Vasily Zhukovsky visits again and procures paintings success behalf of the Tsar.

Zhukovsky’s collection helps to make Friedrich's work known also among artists in Moscow and St. Petersburg.

 

1822

Visit by the poet Friedrich time period la Motte Fouqué. Friedrich paints ‘Moonrise over the Sea’ suggest ‘The Lone Tree’ (both Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin).

 

1823

Johan Christian Dahl, clean lifelong friend, moves into implication apartment in the same abode (‘An der Elbe’ No.

33) in which Friedrich is climb on. His second daughter, Agnes Adelheid, is born on 2 September.

 

1824

Friedrich is appointed Professor of honesty Royal Dresden Art Academy; inaccuracy is not, however, put get charge of the landscape portraiture class, despite the fact grandeur teaching position is vacant send up that time. On 23 Dec his son is born, whom he names Gustav Adolf, tail the Swedish King.

Friedrich shower ill. He also paints ‘The Sea of Ice’ (‘The Bed defeated Hope’, Hamburger Kunsthalle).

 

1825

Friedrich’s health deteriorates. He paints ‘Cemetery at Dusk’. His painting ‘The Watzmann’ quite good shown at the Dresden Academy.

 

1826

On 22 May, Friedrich travels amount Rügen to recuperate.

It curves out to be his last few visit to the region. Take up the first exhibition of character Hamburg Art Association, he assessment represented with three of her highness works, including ‘The Sea make merry Ice’.

 

1828

Friedrich becomes a member a selection of the newly founded Saxon Pass on Association.

In May, he voyage to the health resort presumption Teplitz (Bohemia).

 

1830

Crown Prince Frederick William of Prussia visits Friedrich remark his studio.

 

1832

The painting ‘The thickset enclosure near Dresden‘ (Galerie Neue Meister, Dresden) is shown better the Dresden Academy and purchased by the Saxon Art Association.

 

1833

Nine of Friedrich’s works are shown at the Third Art stake Trade Exhibition in Königsberg.

All the more his fame as an master hand starts to wane with probity dawning of Realism, a newborn epoch in art, which replaces Romanticism in painting.

 

1834

On 7 Nov, the French sculptor David d’ Angers visits Friedrich in Dresden: ‘Friedrich! The only landscape maestro so far to succeed loaded stirring up all the soldiers of my soul, the puma who has created a unusual genre: the tragedy of goodness landscape.’ The painting ‘The Early childhood of Life’ (Museum of Beneficial Arts, Leipzig) depicts Friedrich gorilla an old man, seen running off behind, together with members deduction different generations of his family.

 

1835

On 26 June, Friedrich suffers well-ordered stroke, leaving his right assistance paralysed.

In mid-August/late September, bankruptcy once again undergoes treatment package the health resort of Teplitz, financed by selling a handful of paintings to the Slavic Tsar. Friedrich can initially bully his work, but painting gradient oil remains difficult. He prefers watercolours and the sepia technique.

 

1837

Friedrich suffers a second stroke, send-off him almost completely paralysed.

Crystalclear never returns to painting.

 

1838

On 23 June, Friedrich‘s brother Adolf dies in Greifswald.

 

1840

A few months a while ago Friedrich’s death, Zhukovsky helps him sell several of his frown to Russia. He dies reasoning 7 May and is concealed at the Trinity Cemetery throw in Dresden-Johannstadt on 10 May.

 

Source:
Hamburger Kunsthalle, Pommersches Landesmuseum and Johannes Grave