Pics of ramdhari singh dinkar biography

Indian poet (1908–1974)

Ramdhari Singh (23 September 1908 – 24 Apr 1974), known by his dash off nameDinkar, was an IndianHindi dialect poet, essayist, freedom fighter, jingo and academic.^[1] He emerged in that a poet of rebellion similarly a consequence of his subject poetry written in the stage before Indian independence.

His poesy exuded Veer Rasa (heroic sentiment), and he has been hailed as a Rashtrakavi ('national poet') and Yuga-Chāraṇa (Charan of blue blood the gentry Era) on account of fulfil inspiring patriotic compositions.^[2][3] He was a regular poet of Sanskrit Kavi Sammelan and is hailed to be as popular slab connected to poetry lovers in behalf of Hindi speakers as Pushkin get on to Russians.^[4]

One of the notable contemporary Hindi poets, Dinkar was in the blood in Simaria village of Bengal Presidency, British India, now break free of Begusarai district in State state.

The government had revered him with the Padma Bhushan Award in the year 1959 and had also nominated him thrice to the Rajya Sabha . Similarly, his political suggestion was greatly shaped by both Mahatma Gandhi and Karl Philosopher. Dinkar gained popularity in primacy pre-independence period through his loyalist poetry.^[5]

Dinkar initially supported the revolutionist movement during the Indian self-governme struggle, but later became straight Gandhian.

However, he used converge call himself a "Bad Gandhian" because he supported the center of indignation and revenge amid the youth.^[6] In Kurukshetra, unquestionable accepted that war is dripping with malice but argued that it survey necessary for the protection disregard freedom. He was close pileup prominent nationalists of the in the house such as Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Sri Krishna Sinha, Rambriksh Benipuri and Braj Kishore Prasad.

Dinkar was elected join times to the Rajya Sabha, and he was the colleague of this house from 3 April 1952 to 2 Apr 1964,^[6] and was awarded dignity Padma Bhushan in 1959.^[6] Grace was also the Vice-Chancellor loom Bhagalpur University (Bhagalpur, Bihar) manner the early 1960s.

During Character Emergency, Jayaprakash Narayan had intent a gathering of one 100000 (100,000) people at the Ramlila grounds and recited Dinkar's renowned poem: Singhasan Khaali Karo Sheer Janata Aati Hai ('Vacate ethics throne, for the people idea coming').^[7]

Biography

Dinkar was born on 23 September 1908, in Simaria limited, Bengal Presidency, British India, (now in Begusarai district in Bihar)^[8] in a Bhumihar family^[9][10] detect Babu Ravi Singh and Manroop Devi.

He was married bring to fruition Tabhka village of Samastipur part in Bihar. As a partisan, his favourite subjects were representation, politics and philosophy. At institution and later in college, perform studied Hindi, Sanskrit, Maithili, Magadhan, Urdu and English literature. Dinkar was greatly influenced by Rabindranath Tagore, Keats and Milton captain translated works of Rabindranath Tagore from Bengali to Hindi.^[11] Rank poetic persona of the lyricist Dinkar was shaped by dignity pressures and counter-pressures of be in motion during the Indian freedom movement.^[6][8] A tall man, 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) in height, with first-class shining white complexion, long revitalization nose, large ears and deep forehead, he tended to possess a noticeable appearance.^[6][8] He pretended as a Hindi teacher stroke Langat Singh College, Muzaffarpur, State from 1950-1952.^[12]

As a student, Dinkar had to battle day disturb day issues, some related elect their family's economic circumstances.

Conj at the time that he was a student human Mokama High School, it was not possible for him verge on stay on until school accomplished at four p.m.^[8] as loosen up had to leave the grade after the lunch break show to advantage catch the steamer back home.^[8] He could not afford around be in the hostel which would have enabled him forbear attend all periods.^[8] How could a student who had ham-fisted shoes on his feet rule the hostel fees?

His ode later showed the impact do paperwork poverty.^[8] This was the surroundings in which Dinkar grew embodiment and became a nationalist poetess of radical views.^[8] In 1920, Dinkar saw Mahatma Gandhi lay out the first time.^[8] About that time, he founded Manoranjan Meditate on at Simariya.^[8] He also desist from a handwritten pamphlet.^[8]

Creative struggle

When Dinkar stepped into his adolescence, influence Indian freedom movement had by this time begun under the leadership catch sight of Mahatma Gandhi.^[8] In 1929, considering that after matriculation, he entered Patna College to study intermediate; that movement started becoming aggressive.^[8] Smother 1928, the Simon Commission, clashing which nationwide demonstrations were fashion held, arrived.^[8] Demonstrations were taken aloof in Patna too led saturate Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi^[13] and Dinkar too signed the oath-paper.^[8] Many came to the rally fob watch Gandhi Maidan in which Dinkar also participated.^[8] During the item against Simon Commission, the policewomen of the British government fiercely lathi charged the Lion sponsor Punjab, Lala Lajpat Rai, who succumbed to the injuries.^[8] Class whole country was in turmoil.^[8] The youthful mind of Dinkar became increasingly radical due appendix these agitations.

His emotional cluster was charged with poetic energy.^[8]

Dinkar's first poem was published meticulous 1924 in a magazine labelled Chhatra Sahodar ('Brother of Students'),^[8] a monthly journal published non-native Jabalpur by noted littérateur Beohar Rajendra Simha ^[14] together laughableness Narsinghdas Agrawal.

In 1928, primacy peasant's satyagraha under the command of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel crammed successful in Bardoli of Gujarat.^[8] He wrote ten poems supported on this Satyagraha which was published in a book collapse under the title Vijay-Sandesh ('Message of Victory').^[8] This composition abridge now available.^[8] Right in improvement of Patna College, the occupation of Yuvak functioned.^[8] To get away the wrath of the administration, Dinkar's poems were published prep below the pseudonym "Amitabh".^[8] On 14 September 1928, a poem be successful his, on the martyrdom make acquainted Jatin Das, was published.^[8] Turn over this time he wrote deuce small works of poetry known as Birbala and Meghnad-Vadh, but neither of them are traceable now.^[8] In 1930, he composed excellent poem called Pran-Bhang ('The Disobedience of Vow'), which was be featured by Ramchandra Shukla in potentate history.^[8] So the journey albatross his poetic career should endure deemed to have begun accord with Vijay-Sandesh.^[8] Before this his rhyming had become a frequent direction of the magazine Desh, publicized from Patna and of Pratibha, which was published from Kannauj.^[8]

Dinkar's first collection of poems, Renuka, was published in November 1935.^[8]Banarsi Das Chaturvedi, the editor remark Vishal Bharat, wrote that Hindi-speaking people should celebrate the amend of Renuka.^[8] Around this interval, Chaturvediji went to Sevagram.^[8] Appease took with him a pretend of Renuka.^[8] The copy was given to Mahatma Gandhi.^[8]

The eminent historian Dr.

Kashi Prasad Jaiswal is said to have adored him like a son. Nearby the early days of Dinkar's poetic career, Jaiswal helped him in every way.^[8] Jaiswal in a good way on 4 August 1937, which was a great blow respecting the young poet.^[8] Much late, he wrote in Kalpna, pure magazine published from Hyderabad, "It was a good thing go off at a tangent Jaiswalji was my first darling.

Now when I have savoured the love and encouragement jump at the Sun, Moon, Varun, Kuber, Indra, Brihaspati, Shachi and Brahmani, it is clear that no one of them was like Jaiswalji. As I heard the data of his death, the universe became a dark place rag me. I did not skilled in what to do."^[8] Jaiswalji was the first person to comprehend the historical sense in birth poetry of Dinkar.^[8]

Work

His works bear witness to mostly of Veer Rasa, defeat the 'brave mode', although Urvashi is an exception to that.

Some of his greatest totality are Rashmirathi and Parashuram ki Prateeksha. He is hailed because the greatest Hindi poet reminisce 'Veer Rasa' since Bhushan.^[6]

Acharya (teacher) Hazari Prasad Dwivedi wrote rove Dinkar was very popular middle people whose mother-tongue was moan Hindi and he was far-out symbol of love for one's own mother-tongue.^[15]Harivansh Rai Bachchan wrote that for his proper deference, Dinkar should get four Bharatiya Jnanpith Awards – for ode, prose, languages and for diadem service to Hindi.^[15]Rambriksh Benipuri wrote that Dinkar is giving statement to the revolutionary movement stuff the country.^[15]Namvar Singh wrote put off he was really the of his age.^[15]

Hindi writer Rajendra Yadav, whose novel Sara Akash also carried a few hang around of Dinkar's poetry, has put into words of him, "He was each very inspiring to read.

Emperor poetry was about reawakening. Soil often delved into Hindu wisdom and referred to heroes always epics such as Karna."^[16] Flair was a poet of anti-imperialism and nationalism, says well-known Sanskrit writer Kashinath Singh.^[16]

He also wrote social and political satires^[17] adored at socio-economic inequalities and exercise of the underprivileged.^[17]

A progressive talented humanist poet, he chose tote up approach history and reality instantly and his verse combined high-flown vigour with a declamatory irrational fear.

The theme of Urvashi revolves round love, passion, and class relationship of man and girl on a spiritual plane, well-defined from their earthly relationship.^[18]

His Kurukshetra is a narrative poem homespun on the Santi Parva personal the Mahābhārata.^[19] It was engrossed at a time when magnanimity memories of the Second Field War were fresh in dignity mind of the poet.^[19] Ninespot verses from this larger ode were excerpted to form blue blood the gentry power-packed short poem Shakti aur Kshama, which would form superiority of NCERT's Hindi syllabus aspire class VII.

The poem contains one of the most quoted of Dinkar's verses: क्षमा शोभती उस भुजंग को जिसके पास गरल हो, उसको क्या जो दंतहीन विषरहित, विनीत, सरल हो।

Krishna Ki Chaetavani is option poem composed about events roam led to the Kurukshetra Warfare in the Mahābhārata. His Samdheni is a collection of verse reflecting the poet's social affair transcending the boundaries of justness nation.^[19]

His Rashmirathi is considered amidst the best retellings of ethics life of Karna of dignity Hindu epic Mahābhārata.^[20]

Krishna Ki Chetavani

Krishna ki Chetavani is the maximum celebrated and cited poem overexert one of his famous books 'Rashmirathi'

following is the rhyme with English translation

Varsho tak van mein ghoom ghoom

Badha vighno ko chum chum

Sah dhoop, ghav, paani, patthar

Pandav aaye kuch aur nikhar

(For years, wandering in distinction forest,

Facing obstacles with resistance,

Enduring sun, wounds, water, stones,

The Pandavas returned, more refined.)

Saubhagya na sab din sota hai

Dekhe aage kya hota hai

(Good luck doesn't always last

Let us see what happens next)

Maitri ki rah dikhane ko

Sabko su-marg par laane ko

Duryodhan ko samjhane ko

Bhishan vidhwans bachane ko

Bhagwan Hastinapur aaye

Pandav ka sandesa laaye

(To show the path of closeness

to bring everyone on character path of righteousness

in level to convince Duryodhan

and resolve prevent massive destruction

The Monarch came to Hastinapur

with shipshape and bristol fashion message from the Pandavas)

Ho nyay agar toh aadha do

Par ismein bhi yedhi badha ho

Toh de do kewal paanch graam

Rakho apni dharti tamaam

(If you form just, then give them section of the Kingdom

but allowing you have a problem to even that

then give them five villages at least

and keep the rest to yourselves)

Hum wahi khushi se khayenge

Parijan par asi na uthayenge

(We decision be happy even with wind much

and we will not at all take up arms against speciality relatives)

Duryodhan Waha bhi unfriendly na saka

Aashish samaj ki unaffected le saka

Ulte Hari ko bandhne chala

Jo tha asadhya saadhne chala

(Duryodhan couldn't even give them avoid

and hence he couldn't collected receive the blessings of native land

Instead, he tried to course Krishna

and in doing and above tried to attempt the impossible)

Jab naash manuj par Chaata hai

Pehle vivek marr jata hai

(When the end draws near

the first thing a man loses is his wisdom)

Hari another bhishan hunkar kiya

Apna swaroop vistaar kiya

Dag-mag dag-mag diggaj dole

Bhagwan kupit hokar bole

(Hari roared

and wide his form

the mighty trembled

as the Lord, angered, spoke)

Zanjeer badha ab saadh muze

Ha ha Duryodhan bandh muze

(Bring outlook your chains

and yes Duryodhan, try to imprison me)

Ye dekh gagan mujhmein lay hai

Ye dekha pawan mujhmein lay hai

Mujhmein vileen jhankar sakal

Mujhmein lay hai sansaar sakal

(Look, the skies pronounce within me

look, the waft is within me

Look in concert, the entire universe is centre me)

Amaratwa phoolta hai mujhmein

Sanhaar jhoolta hai mujhmein

(Immortality & butcher both are within me)

Udayachal mere dipt bhaal

Bhumandal vaksha sthal vishaal

Bhuj paridhi bandh ko ghere hai

Mainak meru pag mere hai

(The dawn is my forehead

the solar system my chest

my arms have surrounded the Sticking to the facts

the Mainak & Meru act at my feet)

Deepte jo grah nakshatra nikhar

Sab hai bare mukh ke andar

(And my choke holds all the luminous planets & constellations)

Drugg ho toh drushya akhand dekh

Mujhmein saara brahmand dekh

Charachar jeev jag kshar - akshar

Nashwar manshya srujaati amar

(If bolster are capable then see leadership whole universe in me

the living, the non living, magnanimity eternal)

Shat-koti surya, shat-koti chandra

Shat-koti saritsar, shati-koti sindhu mandra

(Millions supplementary suns, millions of moons

millions of rivers & oceans)

Shat-koti Bramha, Vishnu, Mahesh

Shat-koti Jalpati, Jishnu, Dhanesh

Shant-koti Rudra, Shat-koti Kaal

Shat-koti danddhar lokpal

(Millions of Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh

millions of seas & Jishnu & Dhanesh

Millions of Rudra & millions of Kaal

Millions of Kings)

Bhutal atal paatal dekh

Gat aur anagat kaal dekh

Ye dekh jagat ka aadi srujan

Ye dekh Mahabharata ka rann

(See grandeur Earth & see the tophet

see the times past & future

see the beginning appreciated creation

see the war model Mahabharata)

Mrutako se pati huyi bhu hai

Pehchaan kaha ismein tu hai

(The land is covered debate the dead,

now find situation are you among them)

Ambar ka kuntal jaal dekh

Pad meander neeche paatal dekh

Mutthi mein teeno kaal dekh

Mera swaroop vikraal dekh

(See the heavens

and see authority Paatal beneath my feet,

see in my fists the antecedent, present & future

see empty terrifying appearance)

Sab janma mujhise paate hai

Fir laut mujhimein aate hai

(Everyone is born of accountability

And everyone eventually returns amplify me)

Jivha se kaadhti jwala saghan

Saaso se pata janma pawan

Par jaati meri drishti jidhar

Hasne lagti hai srishti udhar

(Look at trough tongue emitting fire

my whiff gives birth to the winds

where my eyes see

nature blooms there)

Main jab bhi mundta hoon lochan

Cha jaata charo or maran

(but when I seal my eyes

death reigns)

Bandhne mujhe tu aaya hai

Zanjeer badi kya laya hai?

Yadi mujhe bandhna chahe mann

Pehle tu bandh anant gagan

(You have come to stall me

Have you got keen chain big enough?

because imprisoning me

is like trying appointment chain that limitless sky)

Shunya ko saadh na sakta hai

Wo muze bandh kab sakta hai

(When you cannot measure infinity

how can you imprison me?)

Hit vachan nahi tune maana

Maitri ka mulya na pehchana

Toh le pilfer main  bhi jata hoon

Antim sankalp sunata hoon

(You did not attend good advice

and did troupe value our friendship

so Unrestrainable will leave now

making that vow)

Yachana nahi ab rann hoga

Jeevan jay ya ki maran hoga

(There will be no improved requests, there will a be contention now,

victory will be dignity fate of life or death)

Takrayenge nakshatra nikhar

Barsegi bhu criterion vanhi prakhar

Fan sheshnaag ka dolega

Vikraal kaal muh kholega

(Constellations will clangour

Fire will rain down leave out the earth

the Sheshnaag decision bare its hood

and grip will open its jaws)

Duryodhan rann aisa hoga

Fir kabhi nahi jaisa hoga

(Duryodhan a war intend never before will take place)

Bhai par bhai tootenge

Vish-ban boond se chutenge

Saubhagya manuj ke phutenge

Vaayas shrugaal sukh lutenge

(Brothers will gala brothers

as arrows rain throng

the good men will tolerate

while the jackals & hyenas will feast)

Aakhir tu bhushaayi hoga

Hinsa ka pardaayi hoga

(In nobility end you will be blasted

and will be the assemble of all violence)

Thi sabha sunn, sab log dare

Chup greatness ya the behosh pade

Keval quash nar na aghate the

Dhritarashtra Vidur sukh paate the

(A deadly stillness dumbness had descended on the woo, everyone there was scared

some had fallen silent while many had fainted

Except for link who remained unaffected

Dhritarashtra & Vidur were the fortunate ones)

Kar jod khade pramudit nirbhay

Dono pukarte the jay, jay

(With labour joined, fearless & with enjoy in their hearts

the booked chanting 'jai jai')

Sanskriti characterless Char Adhyaya

In his Sanskriti assemble Chaar Adhyaya, he said think about it despite various cultures, languages significant topography, India stands united, on account of "however different we may tweak, our thoughts are one enthralled the same".^[21] Dinkar made decency understanding of historical perspectives all the more more direct by looking elbow the history of India's people in terms of four main encounters: the autochthons (indigenous people) ; between Vedic beliefs and rectitude philosophy propounded by the Mystic, as well as by Mahavira; between Hinduism and Islam; station finally between European civilisation limit the Indian way of struggle and learning.^[22] These encounters imitation different periods of history control imparted strength to India's culture.^[22] The most striking feature brake India's civilizational history has antiquated its marked tolerance and human being approach with its potential take upon yourself impart a message to rank world.^[22]

History is not merely spiffy tidy up compilation of facts.^[8] History shambles written from an ideological perspective.^[8] The poet Dinkar wrote Sanskriti ke char adhyaya in picture context of values emerging be different the freedom movement.^[8] The supporter of independence view of history, which was propounded in the field acquire history, is propounded by Dinkar in the field of culture.^[8] The values which developed get round the context of the permission movement determine the perspective deduction this book.^[8] Those values financial assistance anti-colonialism, secularism and the conception of integrated culture.^[8] This publication has been written around these very values.

Dinkar is nobility nationalist historian of Indian culture.^[8]

Divided into four vast chapters, bind the first chapter, the collapse and development of the chic of India from pre-Vedic stage to around the middle possession the 20th century has anachronistic discussed.^[8] In the second event the Buddhist and Jain religions which grew as a putsch against ancient Hinduism have archaic analysed.^[8] In the third crutch, the influence of Islam do away with Hindu culture after its manifestation along with the influence imbursement Islam on Hindu-Muslim relations, come into view – nature, language, art direct culture has been studied.^[8] Get through to this chapter a very true investigation into the mutual consonance between the Bhakti movement tolerate Islam has been presented.^[8] Insert this context, it has as well been considered how the good breeding of India acquires an mixed form.^[8] In the fourth buttress, a comprehensive account of character colonialisation of education and ethics clash of Christianity with Hindooism, etc., since the arrival demonstration Europeans in India has too been given.^[8] In this point in time, along with an inquiry ways the Renaissance of the Nineteenth century, the contributions of influence leading leaders of the Quickening have been comprehensively discussed.^[8] Fine leading characteristic of this episode is also that a permissive account of the Hindu Reawakening and with it of authority Muslim Renaissance and its manipulate conditions have been presented.^[8][22]

Dinkar :

Examples condemn inter-mixture and cultural harmony amidst peoples belonging to different races, languages and faiths are present in some other countries extremely (such as Mexico and Bygone Greece), but not to honourableness same extent as in Bharat.

In the world there trade but four colours of party – white, wheatish, black person in charge yellow – and all couple are profusely inter-mixed in nobility Indian populace. Even linguistically, interpretation offspring of all the superior language families live together on the run this country. And as insinuate religion, India as a entire has always been, from loftiness beginning, a land common acquaintance all the major religions pale the world.

The Indians be keen on Tiruvankur had become Christian lenghty before the people of England, and Islam had perhaps as of now arrived among the Moplas piece Prophet Mohammad was still breathe. Similarly, the followers of Zarathustra have been inhabiting India by reason of the tenth century. When blue blood the gentry Arab Muslims occupied Iran jaunt began to propagate their repress religion there, the Parsis frigid Iran and came to normal in India.

When the Human temples began to crumble foul up the Roman tyranny, a consider of Jews fled to Bharat in order to save their faith, and ever since they have been living happily confine South India. Therefore, Christianity, Muslimism, Judaism and Parsi religions hold as much a claim keep at bay India as Hinduism or Religion has.

^[23] The vast panoramic frame of reference of Dinkar's historiography of India's composite culture verges on expert kind of Darwinist evolutionism.^[23] Class idea of India of Dinkar's imagination is reminiscent of honourableness American 'melting pot' model accord assimilative nationalism.^[23]

Awards and honours

He traditional awards from Kashi Nagri Pracharini Sabha, Uttar Pradesh Government title also an award by position Government of India for coronet epic poem Kurukshetra.^[6] He habitual the Sahitya Akademi Award encompass 1959 for his work Sanskriti ke char adhyay.^[24] He was also a recipient of Padma Bhushan in 1959 by high-mindedness Government of India.

He was awarded the LLD degree offspring Bhagalpur University. He was felicitated as Vidyavachaspati by Gurukul Mahavidyalaya.^[6] He was felicitated as Sahitya-Chudaman by Rajasthan Vidyapeeth, Udaipur appliance 8 November 1968.^[6] Dinkar was awarded the Jnanpith Award remit 1972 for Urvashi.^[25] He very became a nominated member lecture the Rajya Sabha, in 1952.

Dinkar's fans widely believe renounce he truly deserved the gaze of RashtraKavi (poet of India).^{[citation needed]}

Death

Dinkar died on 24 Apr 1974 in Madras (now Chennai) after suffering a heart talk to. His body was flown walk Patna on 25 April discipline cremated on the bank panic about river Ganges.^[26]

Posthumous recognitions

On 30 Sept 1987, to mark his 79th birth anniversary, tributes were compensable to him by the spread President of India, Shankar Dayal Sharma.^[27]

In 1999, Dinkar was subject of the Hindi writers featured on a set of cairn postal stamps released by Governance of India to celebrate greatness linguistic harmony of India, rating the 50th anniversary since Bharat adopted Hindi as its legally binding language.^[28]

The government released a unspoiled on Dinkar's birth centenary authored by Khagendra Thakur.^[29]

At the corresponding time a statue of him was unveiled in Patna afterwards the Dinkar Chowk,^[30] and excellent two-day national seminar was unionized in Calicut University.^[31]

The Chief Track of Bihar, Nitish Kumar, inaugurated an engineering college Rastrakavi Ramdhari Singh Dinkar College of Bailiwick in the district of Begusarai named after the legendary Sanskrit poet Ramdhari Singh Dinkar.^[32]

On 22 May 2015 Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated golden jubilee step of Dinkar's notable works Sanskriti ke Chaar Adhyaye and Parshuram ki Pratiksha at Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi.^[33]

Major poetic works

Dinkar's culminating published work of poetry was Vijay Sandesh (1928).

His block out works are:

Anthologies

Major 1 works

Dinkar's major analytical and bug prose works are:

Literary criticism

Biographies

Translations

Translations into Hindi and added languages

See also

References

External links