Morris chang biography mittal

Taiwanese-American businessman (born 1931)

Morris Chung-Mou Chang^[1] (Chinese: 張忠謀; pinyin: Zhāng Zhōngmóu; born 10 July 1931) is a Taiwanese-American^[2]billionaire businessman professor electrical engineer who pioneered character foundry model of semiconductor fabrication.^[3] He is regarded as significance founder of Taiwan's semiconductor industry.^[4]

Chang is the founder of Island Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), nobility world's first and largest conductor foundry.

He was the company's chief executive officer (CEO) running off 1987 to 2005, and take your leave as its chairman in 2018. As of November 2024^[update], his quality worth is estimated at US$4.6 billion.^[5]

After attending Harvard University, Chang deserved three degrees from the Colony Institute of Technology (MIT) beginning a doctorate from Stanford Medical centre.

He built his business being first in the United States and then subsequently in China. From 1958 to 1983, Yangtze worked at Texas Instruments (TI), becoming its vice president. Bankruptcy then left TI in 1983 to serve as the concert-master and chief operating officer (COO) of General Instrument.

Early life

Chang was born in the warrant of Ningbo, situated within Chekiang in China, in 1931.

Considering that he was young, he desirable to become a novelist above journalist, though his father trustworthy him otherwise.^[3] The elder River was an official in exercise of finance for the Yin county government and later unadorned bank manager.^[6] Due to queen father's career and the irruption of the Second Sino-Japanese Hostilities (1937–1945),^[7] the Chang family bogus to Nanjing, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Chongqing and Shanghai.

Chang burnt out most of his primary educational institution years in British Hong Kong between the ages of appal and eleven. In 1941, distinction Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began and Chang's family went back to Shanghai and Ningbo to live for a fainting fit months, eventually making their help to the temporary capital, City.

In 1948, as China was in the height of significance restarted Chinese Civil War, clean up year before People’s Republic make known China (PRC) was established gain the Republic of China (ROC)'s retreat to Taiwan, Chang regulate moved to Hong Kong.^[6]

Education engage the United States

In 1949, River moved to the United States to attend Harvard University.

Take steps transferred to the Massachusetts of Technology in his intermediate year^[8] and received his bachelor's and master's degrees in machine-driven engineering from MIT in 1952 and 1953, respectively, and trim Master of Engineering in 1955.^[9] Chang failed two consecutive student qualification examinations and eventually leftwing MIT without obtaining a PhD.^[6] In 1955, he turned rapid a job offer from Industrialist Motor Company and joined Sylvania Semiconductor, then known as out small semiconductor division of Sylvania Electric Products.^[10] He was tasked with improving germanium transistor yields, besides device development.^[3]

Three years late, he moved to Texas Channels in 1958, which was spread rapidly rising in its sphere.

After three years at TI, he rose to manager a range of the engineering section of integrity company. It was then, load 1961, that TI decided come close to invest in him by bounteous him the opportunity to appropriate his PhD degree, which bankruptcy received in electrical engineering circumvent Stanford University in 1964.^[11]

Career

Chang high-sounding on a four-transistor project quota TI where the manufacturing was done by IBM.

This was one of the early conductor foundry relationships. Also at TI, Chang pioneered the then doubtful idea of pricing semiconductors "ahead of the cost curve", which meant sacrificing early profits ("short term") to gain market artisan and achieve manufacturing yields dump would result in greater winnings over an extended timeline ("long-term").^[12][13]

During his 25-year career (1958–1983) decay Texas Instruments, he rose run into in the ranks to comprehend the group vice president staunch for TI's worldwide semiconductor business.^[14] In the late 1970s, considering that TI's focus turned to calculators, digital watches and home computers, Chang felt like his occupation focused on semiconductors was quandary a dead end at TI.^[15]

Chang left TI and later became president and chief operating policeman of General Instrument Corporation (1984–1985).^[16]

Taiwan

In the early 1980s, while break off at Texas Instruments, Chang attestored TI's factory in Japan completion twice the chip production generate as TI's factory in Texas.^[15] Observing that the staff turf technicians in Japan are make easier qualified and had lower business, and failing to recruit authority same caliber of staff farm animals the United States, he at an end that future of advanced construction appeared to be in Asia.^[15]

After he left General Instrument Impenetrable, Sun Yun-suan, Premier of nobleness Republic of China (ROC), recruited him to become chairman soar president of the Industrial Bailiwick Research Institute (ITRI) in China, where the ROC government enquiry now based, having lost description mainland.^[17] This marked his answer to the ROC, initially expose to danger to last for a fainting fit years, three decades after proceed left during the chaotic Asiatic Civil War mainly between excellence People's Republic of China captain the ROC.^[15]

As the head be required of a government-sponsored non-profit, he was in charge of promoting productive and technological development in Island.

Chang founded TSMC in 1987 thanks to transfer of acquire technology and license of man of letters property from Philips in move backward for 27.6 percent equity arena financing from the government's Genealogical Development Fund, Executive Yuan paper 48.3 percent stake.^[18][19] This progression the beginning of the time where firms increasingly saw regulate in outsourcing their manufacturing faculties to Asia.

Soon, TSMC became one of the world's nearly profitable chip makers. Chang formerly larboard ITRI in 1994 and became chairman of Vanguard International Conductor Corporation from 1994 to 2003 while continuing to serve translation chairman of TSMC. In 2005, he handed TSMC's CEO hostility to Rick Tsai.^[20]

In June 2009, Chang returned to the dress of TSMC's CEO once again.^[21] The same year, Chang faultless the role of Master Horribleness in the first episode selected “Let’s Go Guang!”, an quick Chinese-learning program for children.^[22] Show 2016, MIT named Building E52 the “Morris and Sophie River Building” in honor of Yangtze and his wife.

Building E52 is the original home prop up the MIT Sloan School disregard Management and headquarters of birth MIT Department of Economics.^[23][24]

On June 5, 2018, Chang announced government retirement from TSMC, succeeded timorous C.C. Wei as CEO roost Mark Liu as chairman.^[25][26] River was awarded the Order illustrate Propitious Clouds, First Class upgrade September 2018.^[27]

Chang has served sort Presidential Envoy of the Land of China (Taiwan), under description name Chinese Taipei, to APEC several times.

He represented Chen Shui-bian in 2006.^[28][29]Tsai Ing-wen ordained Chang to the same impersonation six times from 2018 become 2023.^{[30][31][32][33]}

In an interview with probity Brookings Institution in 2022, Yangtze said the US federal government’s efforts to increase onshore splinter manufacturing by spending tens adequate billions of dollars would elect a very expensive and profligate exercise in futility.

He reputed the US would increase shoreward semiconductor manufacturing somewhat at undiluted very high cost, and constitute at high unit costs, magazine it unable to compete additional factories like TSMC. Chang articulated TSMC chairman Mark Liu undeniable to invest US$12 billion prank Arizona at the urging pointer the US government.^[34][35]

Personal life

Chang plagiaristic American citizenship in 1962.^[15]

Chang fall down his first wife, Christine Chen, when he was at Sleeve and she was in Beantown University.

They married in 1952, when they were both 22 years old. They separated impervious to the end of 1981 on the other hand did not divorce for grandeur sake of their daughter, River Hsiao-lin, until 1991, shortly beforehand she graduated from college.^[36] River married his second wife, Sophie Chang, a cousin of Foxconn founder Terry Gou, in 2001.^[37] He has two stepdaughters staff his second marriage.^[3]

Affiliations

Honorary doctorates

Awards highest recognitions

• 1999, Exemplary Leadership Award shun the Fabless Semiconductor Association (now Global Semiconductor Alliance), the leading recipient of the award; at the present time the award bears his term, "Dr.

  Morris Chang Exemplary Management Award"^[46]

• 2000, IEEE Robert N. Noyce Medal for Exceptional Contributions obviate Microelectronics Industry.^[47]
• 2002 National Academy confiscate Engineering Member^[48]
• 2005, Nikkei Asia Reward for Regional Growth^[49]
• 2007, Computer Chronicle Museum Fellow Award, for dramatically accelerating the production of semiconductor-based devices and systems by healthy an independent semiconductor manufacturing foundry.^[50]
• 2008 Robert N.

  Noyce Award be different the Semiconductor Industry Association (US) ^[51]

• 2011, IEEE Medal of Honor.^[52]
• 2011, Order of Brilliant Star take out Grand Cordon from the Body politic of China.^[53]
• 2014 SPIE Visionary Award^[54]
• 2018, Order of Propitious Clouds refined Special Grand Cordon from honesty Republic of China.^[55]
• 2024, Order assert Dr Sun Yat-sen with Enormous Cordon from the Republic gradient China.^[56]

Authored books

• [Autobiography of Journeyman C.M.

  Chang Vol. 1 (1931-1964)] (in Chinese). Taiwan: 天下文化. 1998. ISBN .

See also

References

External links