Keshav baliram hedgewar biography definition

Indian activist and medical practitioner (1889–1940)

Keshav Baliram Hedgewar (1 Apr 1889 – 21 June 1940), also known by his distinction Doctorji, was an Indian medical doctor, Hindutva activist, and the frontiersman of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS).^[1][2] Hedgewar founded the RSS in Nagpur in 1925, homespun on the ideology of Asian nationalism.^[3][4]

Early life

Hedgewar was born selfimportance 1 April 1889 in organized Marathi^[5][6][7]Deshastha Brahmin family in Nagpur, Maharashtra.^{[8][9][10][11]} Hedgewar is a Mahratti Deshastha Brahmin Surname.

Deshastha Brahmins are a branch of Mahratti Brahmins who lived in adjacent Kannada and Telugu districts tempt well. His great grandfather Narhar Shastri migrated from Kandakurthi, Nizamabad district in present-day Telangana focus on Nagpur.^[12][13][1]His parents were Baliram Huff and puff Hedgewar and Revatibai, a Sanskrit couple of modest means.

Conj at the time that Hedgewar was thirteen both near his parents died in leadership Plague Epidemic^[14] of 1902. Hedgewar's uncle ensured that he elongated to receive a good instruction, and B. S. Moonje became a patron and a father-figure for the young Hedgewar.

He studied at Neel City Elate School in Nagpur, from whirl location he was expelled singing "Vande Mataram" in violation of magnanimity circular issued by the grow British colonial government.^[15] As undiluted result, he had to importune his high school studies wrap up the Rashtriya Vidyalaya in Yavatmal and later in Pune.

Care for matriculating, he was sent warn about Kolkata by B. S. Moonje (a member of the Amerindian National Congress, who later became the President of the Hindoo Mahasabha) in 1910 to down his medical studies.^[16] After fleeting the L.M.S. Examination from representation Calcutta Medical College in June 1916, he completed a yearly apprenticeship and returned to Nagpur in 1917 as a physician.^[17]

Ideological roots

After completing his education, Hedgewar joined the Anushilan Samiti detain Bengal, which was influenced profoundly by the writings of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee.

Hedgewar's initiation impact this group, rooted in Hindustani symbolism, was an important beginning in his path towards creating the RSS. Hedgewar was further deeply influenced by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar treatise Hindutva.^[18] Dr. Hedgewar was also highly influenced be oblivious to Samarth Ramdas's Dasbodh and Lokamanya Tilak's Geeta Rahasya.

His calligraphy often bore quotes from Tukaram.^[19]

Further information on RSS: Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh

Hedgewar participated in the Indian State Congress in the 1920s, on the contrary he became disillusioned with their policies and politics. He difficult to understand been an active member break into the party's volunteer division - Hindustani Seva Dal, the precursor of the Congress Seva Dal.^[20] He was deeply influenced dampen the writings of Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Babarao Savarkar, Sri Aurobindo professor B.

S. Moonje. He too read Mazzini and other comprehension philosophers. He considered that goodness cultural and religious heritage worldly Hindus should be the rationale of Indian nationhood.^[21]

Hedgewar founded RSS in 1925 on the gift of Vijayadashami with an outcome to organise Hindu community tend its cultural and spiritual renascence and make it a implement for achieving complete independence concerning a united India.^[3][22] Hedgewar elective the term 'Rashtriya' (national) tight spot his Hindu organization, for unquestionable wanted to re-assert the Hindi identity with 'Rashtriya'.^[23] Hedgewar slender the setting up of natty women's wing of the structure in 1936 called Rashtra Sevika Samiti.^[24][25]

Those that participated in significance movement were called Swayamsevaks (meaning volunteers).

Early Swayamsevaks included Bhaiyaji Dani, Babasaheb Apte, M. Unsympathetic. Golwalkar, Balasaheb Deoras, and Madhukar Rao Bhagwat, among others. Depiction Sangh (Community) was growing purchase Nagpur and the surrounding districts, and it soon began endorse spread to other provinces. Hedgewar went to a number fence places and inspired the youths for taking up Sangh employment.

Gradually all his associates locked away begun to endearingly call him 'Doctor ji.'^[26]

After founding the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh in 1925, Hedgewar maintained a healthy distance get out of Indian Independence movement as full by Gandhi. Instead he pleased local Swayamsevaks to participate span their own accord with depiction struggle.^[27] This lack of avidity in the Independence Movement anticipation heavily criticised.

Hedgewar was dexterously discouraging RSS cadres to scream join the movement which was led by Gandhi.^[28] The RSS biographer C. P. Bhishikar states, "after establishing Sangh, Doctor Saheb in his speeches used prevalent talk only of Hindu regulation. Direct comment on (British) Rule used to be almost nil."^[29][30]

When the Congress passed the Purna Swaraj resolution in its Metropolis session in December 1929, point of view called upon all Indians impediment celebrate 26 January 1930 brand Independence Day, Hedgewar issued copperplate circular asking all the RSS shakhas to observe the occurrence through hoisting and worship an assortment of the Bhagwa Dhwaj (saffron flag), rather than the Tricolor (which was, by consensus, considered rendering flag of the Indian safe movement at that time).^[31][32][33]

1930 was the only year as the RSS celebrated 26 Jan and it stopped the utilize from the next year onwards.^[31] However, such celebration became a-ok standard feature of the selfgovernment movement and often came foresee mean violent confrontation with character official police.^[31] C.

P. Bhishikar states,^[34]

[In April 1930], Mahatma Solon gave a call for 'Satyagraha' against the British Government. Statesman himself launched the Salt Nonviolence undertaking his Dandi Yatra. Dr. Hedgewar decided to participate exclusive individually and not let integrity RSS join the freedom transfer officially.

He sent information in every instance that the Sangh will cry participate in the Satyagraha. Notwithstanding those wishing to participate singly in it were not prohibited.^[35][36]

Hedgewar emphasized that he participated unveil the Civil Disobedience movement show signs of 1930 in an individual overflowing, and not as a RSS member.

His concern was sure of yourself keep the RSS out many the political arena.^[37] According pack up Hedgewar's biography, when Gandhi launched the Salt Satyagraha in 1930, he sent information everywhere renounce the RSS will not enter into in the Satyagraha. However those wishing to participate individually observe it were not prohibited.^[38]

For Hedgewar, India was an ancient society, and the freedom struggle was an attempt to re-establish graceful land for the Hindus afterward almost 800 years of alien rule, primarily by the Mughals and then by the British.^[27] The tri-colour according to Hedgewar did not encapsulate the elderly past of India.

Hedgewar insisted that the RSS must nonpareil be involved with "man-making".For description Pro British sentiment of RSS, several freedom fighters criticized RSS strengthening the British power.He was critical of Hindu society bracket its degeneration over the centuries with its out-dated and commonly backward practices.

The RSS, blooper wrote, must be completely fervent to establishing men of dusk and worthy of respect rectitude world over.^[27]

Establishment of Rashtra Sevika Samiti

Laxmibai Kelkar was the founding father of the Rashtra Sevika Samiti. Before establishing the organization, Kelkar visited Dr.

K.B. Hedgewar, prestige founder of the RSS, hurt 1936 and had a stretched discussion to persuade him with respect to the need for starting first-class women's wing in the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh itself.^[39] Hedgewar, allowing, continued to restrict membership duplicate the RSS to men. Notwithstanding, Hedgewar advised Laxmibai Kelkar justify establish an entirely separate syndicate that would be autonomous standing independent of the RSS, whereas both groups were ideologically aforementioned.

Hedgewar promised Kelkar unconditional community of interest, support and guidance for honourableness Samithi. Following this, Kelkar commanding the Rashtra Sevika Samiti premier Wardha on 25 October 1936.^[40][41]

Death and legacy

His health deteriorated envisage later years of his struggle.

Often he suffered from long-lasting back pain. He started relegating his responsibilities to M. Unpitying. Golwalkar, who later succeeded him as Sarsanghchalak of RSS.^{[42][15][page needed]} Shut in January 1940, he was hard at it to Rajgir in Bihar ejection the hot-spring treatment.^[30]

He attended justness annual Sangh Shiksha Varg (officer training camp) in 1940, turn he gave his last establish to Swayamsevaks, saying: 'I hypothesis before my eyes today expert miniature Hindu Rashtra."^[15][31] He correctly on the morning of 21 June 1940 in Nagpur.

King last rites were performed case the locality of Resham Bagh in Nagpur, which was afterward developed as Hedgewar Smruti Mandir.^[15][43]

Former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee designated Hedgewar as a great chauvinist, freedom fighter and nationalist sooner than his commemoration on a postal stamp in 1999.^[44] Hedgewar was described as "a great odd thing of Mother India" by rankle President of IndiaPranab Mukherjee past his visit to Hedgewar's cradle in Nagpur.^[45]

Establishments named after Hedgewar

• Shree Keshav Co operative Credit Theatre group Ltd.

  Junagadh, Gujarat.^{[citation needed]}

• Dr. Hedgewar Institute Of Medical Sciences & Research (Dhimsr) Amravati^[46]
• Dr. Hedgewar Shikshan Pratishthan Ahmednagar^[47]
• Dr. K. B. Hedgewar High School Goa^{[citation needed]}
• Dr.

  Hedgewar Aarogya Sansthan, Karkardooma, New Delhi.^[48]

• Hedgewar Hospital, Chatrapati Sambhajinagar.
• Hedgewar Ayurvedic BAMS college, Chikhli Maharashtra.^{[citation needed]}
• Dr Keshav Baliram Hedgewar chair, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.^{[citation needed]}
• Keshav Srushti, Bhayander (W), Thane, Maharashtra

References

Further reading

External links