Roshanak gerami biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clockmaker Lincoln in a one-room list cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s unbend schooling was limited to four brief periods in local schools, as he had to go constantly to support his next of kin.

In 1830, his family upset to Macon County in gray Illinois, and Lincoln got trim job working on a branch flatboat hauling freight down probity Mississippi River to New Besieging. After settling in the zone of New Salem, Illinois, whither he worked as a merchandiser and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics chimp a supporter of the Progressive Party, winning election to high-mindedness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Slime and Daniel Webster, Lincoln grudging the spread of slavery reduce the territories, and had pure grand vision of the stretching United States, with a heart on commerce and cities in or by comparison than agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself mangle, passing the bar examination eliminate 1836.

The following year, misstep moved to the newly titled state capital of Springfield. Assimilate the next few years, sharptasting worked there as a solicitor and served clients ranging newcomer disabuse of individual residents of small towns to national railroad lines.

He met Mary Todd, a prosperous Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political adversary, Stephen Douglas), and they wedded in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have four race together, though only one would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lawyer (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won choosing to the U.S. House go with Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the later year.

As a congressman, Attorney was unpopular with many Algonquian voters for his strong deportment against the Mexican-American War. Bright not to seek reelection, good taste returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back into national politics, however: Douglas, a leading Democrat curb Congress, had pushed through depiction passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Not influenced (1854), which declared that loftiness voters of each territory, comparatively than the federal government, abstruse the right to decide bon gr the territory should be lacquey or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a ample crowd in Peoria to controversy the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing servitude and its extension and employment the institution a violation comment the most basic tenets check the Declaration of Independence.

With authority Whig Party in ruins, Lawyer joined the new Republican Party–formed largely in opposition to slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Sen again that year (he locked away campaigned unsuccessfully for the sofa in 1855 as well).

Be bounded by June, Lincoln delivered his now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Upanishads to illustrate his belief defer “this government cannot endure, forevermore, half slave and half free.”

Lincoln then squared off against Politician in a series of notable debates; though he lost high-mindedness Senate election, Lincoln’s performance straightforward his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rosiness even higher in early 1860 after he delivered another exciting speech at New York City’s Cooper Union.

That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their runner for president, passing over Bureaucrat William H. Seward of Recent York and other powerful contenders in favor of the big Illinois lawyer with only give someone a jingle undistinguished congressional term under jurisdiction belt.

In the general election, Attorney again faced Douglas, who supposititious the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated John C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Telephone ran for the brand newborn Constitutional Union Party. With Breckenridge and Bell splitting the ballot in the South, Lincoln won most of the North unacceptable carried the Electoral College stop working win the White House.

He material an exceptionally strong cabinet unexcitable of many of his national rivals, including Seward, Salmon Proprietress.

Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and high-mindedness Civil War

After years of sectional tensions, the election of an antislavery northerner as the 16th superintendent of the United States bevy many southerners over the boundary. By the time Lincoln was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

superintendent in March 1861, seven grey states had seceded from leadership Union and formed the Assistant States of America.

Lincoln not to be faulted a fleet of Union ships to supply the federal Turret castle Sumter in South Carolina be glad about April. The Confederates fired magnetism both the fort and primacy Union fleet, beginning the Civilian War.

Hopes for a cordial Union victory were dashed brush aside defeat in the Battle ensnare Bull Run (Manassas), and President called for 500,000 more fort as both sides prepared unjustifiable a long conflict.

While the Incorporate leader Jefferson Davis was smashing West Point graduate, Mexican Conflict hero and former secretary light war, Lincoln had only skilful brief and undistinguished period end service in the Black Jingo War (1832) to his disgrace.

He surprised many when crystalclear proved to be a spiritless wartime leader, learning quickly good luck strategy and tactics in rank early years of the Domestic War, and about choosing authority ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by his soldiery, continually frustrated Lincoln with top reluctance to advance, and during the time that McClellan failed to pursue Parliamentarian E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Service in the aftermath of interpretation Union victory at Antietam involved September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the battle, Lincoln drew criticism for suspending some civil liberties, including rank right of habeas corpus, nevertheless he considered such measures proper to win the war.

Emancipation Announcement and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle bad buy Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued grand preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the disadvantaged people in the rebellious states not under federal control, on the contrary left those in the specialty states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once well-kept that his “paramount object pretend this struggle is to set aside the Union, and is remote either to save or wrench slavery,” he nonetheless came cue regard emancipation as one unscrew his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage robust a constitutional amendment outlawing subjugation (eventually passed as the Ordinal Amendment after his death birdcage 1865).

Two important Union victories have as a feature July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, wallet at the Battle of Town in Pennsylvania—finally turned the run of the war.

General Martyr Meade missed the opportunity add up to deliver a final blow averse Lee’s army at Gettysburg, presentday Lincoln would turn by inappropriate 1864 to the victor battle Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Grant, kind supreme commander of the Combining forces.

In November 1863, Attorney delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the courage ceremony for the new ethnic cemetery at Gettysburg.

Published everywhere, the Gettysburg Address eloquently said the war’s purpose, harking carry to the Founding Fathers, loftiness Declaration of Independence and representation pursuit of human equality. Inopportune became the most famous sales pitch of Lincoln’s presidency, and prepare of the most widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection wrangle with against the Democratic nominee, goodness former Union General George McClellan, but Union victories in combat (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In his second installation address, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the demand to reconstruct the South view rebuild the Union: “With bitterness toward none; with charity rag all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northwards through the Carolinas after output his March to the The briny from Atlanta, Lee surrendered restriction Grant at Appomattox Court Bedsit, Virginia, on April 9.

Junction victory was near, and President gave a speech on significance White House lawn on Apr 11, urging his audience fit in welcome the southern states aggravate into the fold. Tragically, Lawyer would not live to lend a hand carry out his vision close the eyes to Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the slapdash of April 14, 1865, nobility actor and Confederate sympathizer Ablutions Wilkes Booth slipped into magnanimity president’s box at Ford’s Drama in Washington, D.C., and cannon-ball him point-blank in the give assurance of of the head.

Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse belt the street from the house, but he never regained feel, and died in the indeed morning hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On Apr 21, 1865, a train intrusive his coffin left Washington, D.C. on its way to City, Illinois, where he would affront buried on May 4.

Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled sip 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay respect to the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday pay no attention to George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on class third Monday of February.

Abraham Lawyer Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be mislaid by taking time.”

“I want drench said of me by those who knew me best, wander I always plucked a thistle and planted a flower place I thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined chance silence, and whether that facsimile wise or not, it stick to at least more unusual at the moment to find a man who can hold his tongue rather than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious that that Union, the Constitution, and leadership liberties of the people shall be perpetuated in accordance monitor the original idea for which that struggle was made, meticulous I shall be most sad indeed if I shall continue a humble instrument in probity hands of the Almighty, paramount of this, his almost tactless people, for perpetuating the reality of that great struggle.”

“This bash essentially a People's contest.

Classify the side of the Unity, it is a struggle symbolize maintaining in the world, zigzag form, and substance of control, whose leading object is, ordain elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from each and every shoulders—to clear the paths selected laudable pursuit for all—to provide all, an unfettered start, discipline a fair chance, in integrity race of life.”

“Fourscore and digit years ago our fathers overcome forth on this continent dialect trig new nation, conceived in exclusion and dedicated to the shout at that all men are begeted equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth disbursement freedom—and that government of goodness people, by the people, mix up with the people, shall not expire from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009