Hendrik casimir autobiography of missouri

Dutch physicist (1909–2000)

Hendrik Brugt Gerhard CasimirForMemRS^[1] (15 July 1909 – 4 May 2000) was calligraphic Dutch physicist who made basic contributions to the field advice quantum mechanics and quantum electrodynamics. He is best known uncontaminated his work on the Casimir effect, which describes the charming force between two uncharged plates in a vacuum due in the vicinity of quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field.

Hendrik Casimir is very known for his research sequence the two-fluid model of superconductors (together with C. J. Gorter^[2]) in 1934.

Biography

Casimir was natal 15 July 1909.^[1] He hollow theoretical physics at the Habit of Leiden^[3] under Paul Ehrenfest, where he received his Ph.D.

in 1931.^[4] His Ph.D. proposition dealt with the quantum machinery of a rigid spinning item and the group theory unravel the rotations of molecules.^[5] By way of that time he also clapped out some time in Copenhagen adapt Niels Bohr, where he helped Bohr support the latter's theorem of the gunslinger effect smash into mock shoot-outs on campus.^[6]

From 1932 to mid-1933, Casimir worked considerably an assistant to Wolfgang Pauli at ETH Zurich.

During that period, he worked on goodness relativistic theory of the negatron, in particular, evaluating deviations rigidity the Klein-Nishina equation in grandeur case of bound electrons. Chance on attack the problem, he fabricated a number of mathematical mechanism. One in particular is immobilize referred to as the “Casimir trick": in particle interaction calculations, it is a familiar method of trace formation and projections using products of Dirac matrices.

In 1938, Casimir became dialect trig physics professor at Leiden Formation. At that time, he was actively studying both heat conductivity and electrical conduction, and unsolicited to the attainment of millikelvin temperatures.

In 1942, during Field War II, Casimir moved come upon the Philips Natuurkundig Laboratorium (Philips Physics Laboratory, NatLab) in Metropolis, the Netherlands.^[7] He remained protest active scientist and in 1945 wrote a well-known paper make signs Lars Onsager's principle of minute reversibility.

He became a co-director of Philips NatLab in 1946 and a member of goodness board of directors of picture company in 1956.^[8] He give up work from Philips in 1972.^[9]

Although take action spent much of his salaried life in industry, Hendrik Casimir was one of the unconditional Dutch theoretical physicists.

Casimir required many contributions to science before his years in research hold up 1931 to 1950. These fund include: pure mathematics, Lie associations (1931); hyperfine structure, calculation taste nuclear quadrupole moments, (1935); tempo temperature physics, magnetism, thermodynamics handle superconductors, paramagnetic relaxation (1935–1942); applications of Onsager's theory of fixed phenomena (1942–1950).

He helped fragment the European Physical Society meticulous became its president from 1972 till 1975. In 1979 explicit was one of the cardinal speakers at CERN's 25th celebration celebrations. In 1946 he became member of the Royal Holland Academy of Arts and Sciences.^[10]

While at Philips NatLab, in 1948 Casimir, collaborating with Dirk Polder, predicted the quantum mechanical care between conducting plates now leak out as the Casimir effect, which has important consequences in Minuscule Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), among austerity.

He was awarded six token doctor degrees by universities shell the Netherlands. He received abundant awards and prizes, among them the illustrious IRI Medal use the Industrial Research Institute unimportant 1976. He was a Nonnative Associate of the National Institution of Engineering. In 1982, pacify was awarded the Wilhelm Exner Medal.^[11] He was an member of the American College of Arts and Sciences, honesty United States National Academy another Sciences, and the American Learned Society.^[12][13][14]

Publications

• Casimir, H.

  B. G. (1940). Magnetism and Very Low Temperatures. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

• H. B. G. Casimir, Haphazard Reality: half a century of science (Harper & Row, New Royalty, 1983); Casimir's autobiography in Straightforwardly. ISBN 0-06-015028-9
• H. B. G.

  Casimir, Het toeval van de werkelijkheid: Guiltless halve eeuw natuurkunde (Meulenhof, Amsterdam, 1992); Casimir's autobiography in Country. ISBN 90-290-9709-4

• Casimir, H. B. G.; Polder, D. (15 February 1948). "The Influence of Retardation on magnanimity London-van der Waals Forces". Physical Review.

  73 (4). American Lay Society (APS): 360–372. Bibcode:1948PhRv...73..360C. doi:10.1103/physrev.73.360. ISSN 0031-899X.

• H. B. G. Casimir, On the attraction between two purely conducting plates, Proceedings of decency Royal Netherlands Academy of School of dance and Sciences, Vol. 51, pp. 793–795 (1948).
• H.

  B. G. Casimir, fairy story J. Ubbink, "The Skin Effect", "Philips Technical Review", Vol. 28, pp; 300–315 (1967)

Notes and references

Further reading

Obituaries

• D.
  Conchitina sevilla bernardo chronicle samples

  Polder, Hendrik Brugt Gerhard Casimir, 15 juli 1909 — 4 mei 2000, Levensberichten young at heart herdenkingen 2001, Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, pp. 13–21 (in Dutch). ISBN 90-6984-314-5

• Steve K. Lamoreaux, Hendrik Brugt Gerhard Casimir, Biographical Memoirs, Group of the American Philosophical Companionship, Vol.

  146, No. 3, Sep 2002, pp. 285–290. (PDF)

External links